1.熱粘合法錦綸非織造布
jinlunfeizhizaoburezhanhefashijinlunfeizhizaobuchanliangzuidadeyigepinzhong,yibanshiyongchunjinlunduanxianweihuojinlunyuqitaxianweihunhe,jingrezhagongyibaxianweihuxianglianjiezaiyiqierxingchengxupiancailiao。chanpinjuyoubo、軟、細及彈性好的特點,是高檔粘合襯布的好基材,用於絲綢、高檔風衣、羽yu絨rong服fu裝zhuang等deng襯chen布bu。也ye可ke將jiang錦jin綸lun短duan纖xian維wei與yu一yi定ding比bi例li的de其qi它ta纖xian維wei混hun合he,經jing熱re軋zha或huo熱re熔rong方fang法fa製zhi成cheng具ju有you相xiang當dang強qiang力li的de纖xian網wang,然ran後hou再zai經jing過guo壓ya花hua和he後hou處chu理li而er成cheng。如ru杜du邦bang的de複fu合he非fei織zhi造zao布buInova係列,是由不同比例含量的錦綸、滌綸、丙綸、氨綸、棉(mian)花(hua)纖(xian)維(wei)混(hun)合(he)而(er)成(cheng),最(zui)終(zhong)形(xing)成(cheng)的(de)複(fu)合(he)非(fei)織(zhi)造(zao)布(bu)的(de)外(wai)觀(guan)具(ju)有(you)永(yong)久(jiu)性(xing)花(hua)紋(wen),有(you)良(liang)好(hao)的(de)彈(dan)性(xing)及(ji)導(dao)汗(han)透(tou)氣(qi)的(de)特(te)點(dian),可(ke)根(gen)據(ju)環(huan)境(jing)溫(wen)度(du)調(tiao)節(jie)而(er)產(chan)生(sheng)保(bao)暖(nuan)或(huo)涼(liang)爽(shuang)的(de)感(gan)覺(jiao),應(ying)用(yong)於(yu)製(zhi)作(zuo)服(fu)裝(zhuang),穿(chuan)著(zhe)輕(qing)便(bian)、舒適、合身,而且堅固耐磨。
也可采用錦滌複合皮芯短纖維采用熱粘合工藝製成非織造布材料,這是以錦綸6為皮,滌綸為芯進行複台紡絲,生產出質量穩定的錦滌複合纖維,以降低生產成本。錦滌複合短纖維的性能較純錦綸6短纖維有較大的改善,斷裂強度增加,斷裂伸長降低,初始模量提高。複合纖維還保留了錦綸良好的吸濕性、染色性、耐磨性,為此錦滌複合纖維可以在多種場合替代純錦綸短纖維,並且在一定的生產條件下其使用效果要比純錦綸好。
此外,耐熱纖維的開發與應用,也可應用在熱粘合工藝中。對於錦綸66來講,在正常環境下有突出的優點,但在改變環境時其性能發生變化,如在高溫環境下使用,其強力、韌性和彈性嚴重消失,有些場合已無法使用,研製開發錦綸66耐熱纖維,在錦綸非織造布熱粘合法工藝中使用良好。利用錦綸66纖維高熔點、高伸長、高強度的特性,加人耐熱劑使其耐高溫,在240℃溫度下仍能保持良好的物理性能。對於改性劑的選擇要求是:在zai保bao證zheng耐nai高gao溫wen抗kang氧yang化hua性xing能neng的de前qian提ti下xia,對dui物wu理li指zhi標biao影ying響xiang越yue小xiao越yue好hao,還hai具ju有you較jiao好hao的de抗kang氧yang化hua性xing,同tong時shi也ye具ju有you增zeng塑su性xing和he潤run滑hua性xing,並bing且qie可ke在zai各ge種zhong製zhi造zao設she備bei上shang使shi用yong。這zhe種zhong耐nai熱re型xing非fei織zhi造zao布bu在zai耐nai高gao溫wen服fu裝zhuang、軍jun用yong領ling域yu有you廣guang泛fan的de發fa展zhan前qian景jing,因yin為wei耐nai高gao溫wen抗kang氧yang化hua纖xian維wei同tong時shi具ju有you抗kang紫zi外wai線xian氧yang化hua性xing能neng,如ru軍jun用yong帳zhang篷peng使shi用yong這zhe種zhong非fei織zhi造zao材cai料liao比bi普pu通tong錦jin綸lun纖xian維wei壽shou命ming可ke提ti高gao一yi倍bei或huo二er倍bei以yi上shang。
2.針刺法錦綸非織造布
由you於yu錦jin綸lun具ju有you優you異yi的de耐nai磨mo性xing和he高gao強qiang力li,且qie熔rong點dian較jiao高gao,因yin而er,常chang用yong在zai地di毯tan中zhong。通tong常chang將jiang錦jin綸lun和he滌di綸lun混hun合he梳shu理li後hou,再zai經jing兩liang道dao針zhen刺ci加jia固gu,最zui終zhong產chan品pin用yong做zuo地di毯tan或huo地di板ban表biao麵mian覆fu蓋gai物wu。
caiyongzhencifazhizaojinlunfeizhizaobu,yaoqiujinlunxianweijuyoulianghaoderansejunyunxing,zaijinlunxianweishengchanguochengzhong,ransejunyunxingshipingpanchanpinzhiliangyouliedezhongyaozhibiaozhiyi。tabudanyingxiangchanpindeyidengpinlv,yezhijieyingxianghoudaogongxuchanpinzhiliang。zaishengchanshijianzhong,ransebuyunyizaochenghengxiangtiaowensi。hengwensifenweilianglei,yileishitongyiyangpinbenseyoutiaowendesecha,lingyileishiduogeyangpingongtongbianzhishichanshengtiaowensecha。
由於錦綸6因yin其qi吸xi濕shi性xing比bi較jiao好hao,故gu生sheng產chan過guo程cheng中zhong受shou環huan境jing溫wen濕shi度du影ying響xiang比bi較jiao大da。溫wen濕shi度du過guo高gao或huo過guo低di,均jun會hui影ying響xiang產chan品pin的de染ran色se均jun勻yun性xing,原yuan因yin在zai於yu錦jin綸lun纖xian維wei在zai不bu同tong濕shi度du下xia收shou縮suo率lv不bu同tong,對dui染ran料liao的de吸xi附fu率lv不bu同tong,從cong而er產chan生sheng織zhi物wu染ran色se條tiao紋wen。實shi際ji生sheng產chan中zhong,必bi須xu綜zong合he考kao慮lv各ge因yin素su關guan係xi,才cai能neng生sheng產chan出chu優you質zhi的de產chan品pin。
為了提高針刺法錦綸非織造布的染色性能,研刺和生產錦綸6色母粒應用於錦綸6紡前著色,具有添加量小、無汙染、可紡性佳等優點,錦綸6易染色,但在後染時所產生的“三廢”汙(wu)染(ran)已(yi)日(ri)益(yi)引(yin)起(qi)人(ren)們(men)的(de)關(guan)注(zhu)。采(cai)用(yong)色(se)母(mu)粒(li)紡(fang)前(qian)著(zhe)色(se),不(bu)但(dan)解(jie)決(jue)了(le)汙(wu)染(ran)問(wen)題(ti)。更(geng)使(shi)紡(fang)前(qian)著(zhe)色(se)變(bian)得(de)簡(jian)便(bian)而(er)快(kuai)捷(jie),並(bing)且(qie)也(ye)彌(mi)補(bu)了(le)染(ran)色(se)所(suo)不(bu)及(ji)的(de)色(se)澤(ze)效(xiao)果(guo)。
隨sui著zhe人ren們men對dui環huan境jing汙wu染ran治zhi理li意yi識shi的de提ti高gao,特te別bie是shi環huan保bao法fa律lv和he法fa規gui的de出chu台tai已yi促cu使shi對dui色se母mu粒li的de需xu求qiu增zeng長chang,特te別bie是shi隨sui著zhe對dui色se母mu粒li研yan究jiu的de進jin一yi步bu深shen入ru、新產品的開發、色譜的完善、質量的提高、成cheng本ben的de降jiang低di等deng等deng,將jiang有you越yue來lai越yue多duo的de化hua纖xian廠chang更geng青qing睞lai於yu色se母mu粒li。采cai用yong色se母mu粒li紡fang前qian著zhe色se工gong藝yi不bu僅jin簡jian單dan可ke靠kao,減jian少shao了le環huan境jing汙wu染ran,也ye省sheng去qu了le印yin染ran設she備bei和he多duo道dao加jia熱re工gong序xu,降jiang低di了le生sheng產chan成cheng本ben,同tong時shi染ran色se均jun勻yun度du不bu受shou纖xian維wei結jie構gou差cha異yi的de影ying響xiang,可ke采cai用yong針zhen刺ci法fa製zhi成cheng優you良liang的de錦jin綸lun非fei織zhi造zao布bu。
3.水刺法錦綸非織造布
fenliexingjinlunzaigaoyashuicidezuoyongxiakezhichengchaoxijinlunfeizhizaobu,yongyugaoxingnengcabujifangjipi。lingwai,zaiyizhanjiaoxianweiweizhudeshuicifeizhizaobuyongzuoniaobushi,zaizhanjiaoxianweizhongjiarushiliangdejinlunkemingxianzengjianiaobudeqiangli。
也ye可ke選xuan擇ze錦jin綸lun與yu丙bing綸lun複fu合he超chao細xi纖xian維wei為wei原yuan料liao,采cai用yong水shui刺ci法fa製zhi成cheng非fei織zhi造zao布bu,這zhe種zhong複fu合he超chao細xi纖xian維wei截jie麵mian清qing晰xi,在zai常chang溫wen常chang壓ya下xia可ke染ran,織zhi物wu服fu用yong舒shu適shi性xing良liang好hao。複fu合he纖xian維wei單dan絲si纖xian度du細xi旦dan化hua可ke改gai善shan其qi手shou感gan與yu服fu用yong性xing能neng。近jin年nian來lai,我wo國guo已yi形xing成cheng了le細xi旦dan、超chao細xi旦dan長chang絲si的de研yan究jiu與yu開kai發fa熱re。用yong常chang規gui紡fang絲si的de方fang法fa生sheng產chan超chao細xi纖xian維wei易yi產chan生sheng毛mao絲si,且qie由you於yu噴pen絲si板ban麵mian直zhi徑jing有you限xian,噴pen絲si孔kong數shu不bu可ke能neng大da量liang增zeng加jia,因yin此ci單dan絲si的de纖xian度du也ye受shou到dao很hen大da的de局ju限xian,錦jin綸lun/丙綸複合超細纖維是采用複合紡絲技術,得到常規纖度的纖維(單絲纖度約2~3dtex),加工成織物後,在染整後加工過程中再使兩組分剝離成單絲纖度小於0.5dtex的複合超細纖維。該纖維織物手感好,在常溫常壓下可染,具有良好的芯吸透濕、透氣功能,適於製作高檔的運動服、T恤、內衣、牛仔衣等,也可製成性能優良的高檔水刺布,廣泛應用在醫療、衛生等領域。
近(jin)年(nian)來(lai)開(kai)發(fa)成(cheng)功(gong)的(de)納(na)米(mi)遠(yuan)紅(hong)外(wai)保(bao)健(jian)異(yi)形(xing)錦(jin)綸(lun)纖(xian)維(wei),也(ye)可(ke)製(zhi)成(cheng)優(you)異(yi)的(de)高(gao)檔(dang)水(shui)刺(ci)布(bu)。這(zhe)是(shi)采(cai)用(yong)特(te)殊(shu)的(de)表(biao)麵(mian)修(xiu)飾(shi)技(ji)術(shu),製(zhi)備(bei)納(na)米(mi)級(ji)新(xin)型(xing)遠(yuan)紅(hong)外(wai)輻(fu)射(she)材(cai)料(liao),並(bing)將(jiang)其(qi)與(yu)錦(jin)綸(lun)6複合,製備異形遠紅外保健錦綸長絲。隨著生活水平的提高,人們的保健意識不斷增強,遠紅外保健內衣、yuhanzhipindengyibuduanweirenmensuopoqiexuyao。tongguozaixianweizhongjiarujuyoufasheyuanhongwaixiangongnengdeyuanhongwaifushecailiaoerfuyuxianweiyuanhongwaixianfushegongneng,shizhibeiyuanhongwaixianweideyouxiaoshouduanzhiyi。zhezhongshuicibujuyoubaowenheyijun、導濕、促進血液循環、增強免疫力、防蛀等衛生保健的作用。
4.錦綸複合非織造材料
英國Dexter公司開發出一種上、下雙層的複合材料,其底層可以采用錦綸為原料,經梳理成網後用水刺或針刺的方法進行加固;上層非織造布材料是木漿纖維或植物纖維,如馬尼拉麻、jianmahuohuangmaxianwei,caiyongshifahuoqiliuchengwangdefangfazhicheng。jiangliangcengcailiaocaiyongshuilichanjiedefangfafuhezaiyiqi,ranhouduifuhecailiaocaiyongguizhenglijijinxingchuli,tongchangzhenglijideyongliangweifuhecailiaozhongliangde3%~7%,製成品可用做汽車內牆板及車內麵的裝飾材料。
這種錦綸複合非織造材料也可選擇滌/錦複合長絲進行生產,複合纖維是差別化纖維之一,由兩組分高聚物熔體,通過特殊的分配板進行分流、擠出而成。使用不同截麵形狀的噴絲板可形成共紡、並列、皮芯、裂片和海島等種類複合纖維。這種工藝主要用於開發超細纖維,是製造人造麂皮的理想材料,在仿毛、仿絲綢、仿皮、仿桃皮絨等方麵具有優勢。織物透氣性、透濕性、柔軟性好,適用於高級鏡頭的擦鏡布等,並可應用在絕熱材料、過濾材料、超高密度的防水、防潮織物中。由於該類產品具有優良的特性,用途廣闊,必將得到廣泛的發展,從而滿足人民更高檔的衣著要求,並為軍工、醫療等行業提供豐富多采的纖維原料。
guowaichaoxixianweizaoyishixingleguimoshengchan,xitongyingyong,bingxingchengleshengchanshouduanduo,chanpinlinli,yingyongguangfandejumian。fuhexianweiduiguoneilaishuo,nenggoupiliangshengchan,younengxingchengyitiaolongkaifayingyongde,liepianxingfuhexianweishiqizhongyizhong。guoneixianyoudi/錦複合長絲的生產,主要采用POY-DTY路線,某些廠家的生產已具一定規模,產品質量穩定。
滌/錦複合長絲非織造布具有良好的懸垂性、保形性,並具有蓬鬆、柔軟、舒適、吸濕透氣等優異性能。故此產品用途廣泛:如仿桃皮絨、人造麂皮、仿真絲織物、超高密度織物、高效潔淨布、高級擦鏡布、精密儀器清潔布、絕熱材料、過濾材料、防水透氣材料等。
5.濕法錦綸非織造布
濕shi法fa非fei織zhi造zao布bu技ji術shu是shi直zhi接jie由you錦jin綸lun短duan纖xian為wei原yuan料liao,在zai造zao紙zhi機ji上shang一yi次ci性xing成cheng網wang定ding型xing而er形xing成cheng產chan品pin,該gai方fang法fa生sheng產chan速su度du快kuai,生sheng產chan成cheng本ben相xiang對dui於yu其qi它ta非fei織zhi造zao布bu的de加jia工gong方fang法fa低di,原yuan料liao適shi用yong範fan圍wei廣guang。近jin年nian來lai,錦jin綸lun濕shi法fa非fei織zhi造zao布bu的de使shi用yong量liang有you不bu斷duan擴kuo大da的de趨qu勢shi。目mu前qian,錦jin綸lun在zai濕shi法fa非fei織zhi造zao布bu中zhong的de用yong途tu之zhi一yi是shi增zeng加jia紙zhi張zhang的de撕si裂lie強qiang力li,在zai造zao紙zhi的de木mu漿jiang纖xian維wei中zhong加jia入ru一yi定ding比bi例li的de錦jin綸lun短duan纖xian維wei,則ze成cheng品pin紙zhi張zhang的de耐nai撕si裂lie性xing、頂破強力、透氣性及可折疊數目都有很大程度提高。雖然加入錦綸後會使紙張的拉伸強力降低,但可通過控製錦綸的用量、增zeng加jia木mu漿jiang纖xian維wei的de比bi例li或huo者zhe在zai錦jin綸lun比bi例li不bu變bian的de情qing況kuang下xia增zeng大da粘zhan合he劑ji的de用yong量liang,從cong而er增zeng加jia成cheng品pin紙zhi張zhang的de拉la斷duan強qiang力li。另ling一yi個ge用yong途tu是shi采cai用yong純chun錦jin綸lun,在zai對dui纖xian維wei進jin行xing打da漿jiang、均(jun)勻(yun)成(cheng)網(wang)及(ji)幹(gan)燥(zao)等(deng)工(gong)序(xu)後(hou),製(zhi)成(cheng)純(chun)錦(jin)綸(lun)濕(shi)法(fa)非(fei)織(zhi)造(zao)布(bu)。鑒(jian)於(yu)錦(jin)綸(lun)吸(xi)濕(shi)性(xing)較(jiao)差(cha),在(zai)水(shui)中(zhong)容(rong)易(yi)成(cheng)團(tuan),因(yin)此(ci),在(zai)抄(chao)造(zao)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)要(yao)加(jia)入(ru)一(yi)定(ding)量(liang)的(de)表(biao)麵(mian)活(huo)性(xing)劑(ji)使(shi)纖(xian)維(wei)產(chan)生(sheng)良(liang)好(hao)分(fen)散(san),同(tong)時(shi)為(wei)增(zeng)加(jia)纖(xian)網(wang)的(de)強(qiang)力(li),還(hai)要(yao)加(jia)入(ru)適(shi)當(dang)的(de)粘(zhan)合(he)介(jie)質(zhi),這(zhe)樣(yang)才(cai)能(neng)使(shi)錦(jin)綸(lun)濕(shi)法(fa)非(fei)織(zhi)造(zao)布(bu)外(wai)觀(guan)均(jun)勻(yun)、結構緊密及拉伸強力高。產品可用於裝飾材料、襯裏、高檔電池隔板及耐用非織造布用品等。
此ci外wai,還hai有you紡fang粘zhan法fa錦jin綸lun非fei織zhi造zao布bu和he熔rong噴pen法fa錦jin綸lun非fei織zhi造zao布bu生sheng產chan工gong藝yi,其qi中zhong紡fang粘zhan法fa錦jin綸lun非fei織zhi造zao布bu工gong藝yi在zai世shi界jie上shang隻zhi有you為wei數shu不bu多duo的de幾ji家jia公gong司si能neng生sheng產chan錦jin綸lun紡fang粘zhan布bu,而er我wo國guo還hai沒mei有you能neng力li生sheng產chan錦jin綸lun紡fang粘zhan布bu。現xian在zai國guo外wai公gong司si生sheng產chan的de錦jin綸lun紡fang粘zhan布bu主zhu要yao用yong做zuo家jia具ju及ji床chuang上shang用yong品pin包bao覆fu物wu、過濾材料、防護服、醫療用品、粘合基布、汽車內用品、薄膜加固材料及安全氣囊底布等。
而(er)熔(rong)噴(pen)法(fa)錦(jin)綸(lun)非(fei)織(zhi)造(zao)布(bu)是(shi)在(zai)聚(ju)合(he)物(wu)直(zhi)接(jie)成(cheng)網(wang)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)通(tong)過(guo)高(gao)速(su)高(gao)溫(wen)氣(qi)流(liu)噴(pen)吹(chui)或(huo)其(qi)它(ta)手(shou)段(duan),使(shi)熔(rong)體(ti)細(xi)流(liu)受(shou)到(dao)極(ji)度(du)拉(la)伸(shen)而(er)形(xing)成(cheng)極(ji)細(xi)的(de)短(duan)纖(xian)維(wei)網(wang),產(chan)品(pin)具(ju)有(you)高(gao)過(guo)濾(lv)效(xiao)率(lv)、低阻力及柔軟等特點。由於受生產設備的限製,國內目前還不能生產熔噴錦綸非織造布,但國外已經出現了這方麵的產品,如美國的Kuss Filtration公司最近已經生產出錦綸6熔噴纖網。它是采用三層纖網複合而成,每一層中錦綸的粗細和長短都不相同,產品主要用做燃料過濾材料。 |