熔體紡絲:jianggaojuwujiarezhirongdianyishangdeshidangwenduyizhibeirongti,rongtijingluoganjiyaji,youjiliangbengyachupensikong,shizhixingchengxiliuzhuangsherukongqizhong,jinglengningerchengweixitiao。
溶液紡絲:選取適當溶劑,把成纖高聚物溶解成紡絲溶液,或先將高分子物質製成可溶性中間體,再溶解成紡絲溶液,然後進行紡絲。粘膠、維綸、腈綸多采用此法。溶液紡絲按凝固條件不同分為濕法紡絲和幹法紡絲。
幹法紡絲:liyongyihuifaderongjiduigaofenzijuhewujinxingrongjie,zhichengshiyufangsidezhanchouye。jiangfangsizhanyecongpensitouyachuxingchengxisiliu,tongguorekongqitaotongshixisiliuzhongderongjixunsuhuifaerninggu,tongguoqianshenchengsi。(氯綸,腈綸,維綸,醋纖)
濕法紡絲:將(jiang)成(cheng)纖(xian)高(gao)分(fen)子(zi)聚(ju)合(he)物(wu)溶(rong)解(jie)於(yu)溶(rong)劑(ji)中(zhong)製(zhi)成(cheng)紡(fang)絲(si)溶(rong)液(ye),將(jiang)紡(fang)絲(si)溶(rong)液(ye)由(you)噴(pen)絲(si)頭(tou)噴(pen)出(chu)噴(pen)出(chu)後(hou)進(jin)入(ru)凝(ning)固(gu)浴(yu)中(zhong),由(you)於(yu)粘(zhan)液(ye)細(xi)絲(si)流(liu)內(nei)的(de)溶(rong)劑(ji)擴(kuo)散(san)以(yi)及(ji)凝(ning)固(gu)劑(ji)向(xiang)粘(zhan)液(ye)細(xi)絲(si)流(liu)中(zhong)滲(shen)透(tou),使(shi)細(xi)絲(si)流(liu)凝(ning)固(gu)成(cheng)絲(si)條(tiao)。
濕(shi)法(fa)紡(fang)絲(si)的(de)特(te)點(dian)是(shi)噴(pen)絲(si)頭(tou)孔(kong)數(shu)多(duo),但(dan)紡(fang)絲(si)速(su)度(du)慢(man),適(shi)合(he)紡(fang)製(zhi)短(duan)纖(xian)維(wei),而(er)幹(gan)法(fa)紡(fang)絲(si)適(shi)合(he)紡(fang)製(zhi)長(chang)絲(si)。通(tong)常(chang)同(tong)品(pin)種(zhong)化(hua)學(xue)纖(xian)維(wei)利(li)用(yong)幹(gan)法(fa)紡(fang)絲(si)較(jiao)濕(shi)法(fa)紡(fang)絲(si)所(suo)得(de)纖(xian)維(wei)結(jie)構(gou)均(jun)勻(yun),質(zhi)量(liang)較(jiao)好(hao)。 |