熔體紡絲:將(jiang)高(gao)聚(ju)物(wu)加(jia)熱(re)至(zhi)熔(rong)點(dian)以(yi)上(shang)的(de)適(shi)當(dang)溫(wen)度(du)以(yi)製(zhi)備(bei)熔(rong)體(ti),熔(rong)體(ti)經(jing)螺(luo)杆(gan)擠(ji)壓(ya)機(ji),由(you)計(ji)量(liang)泵(beng)壓(ya)出(chu)噴(pen)絲(si)孔(kong),使(shi)之(zhi)形(xing)成(cheng)細(xi)流(liu)狀(zhuang)射(she)入(ru)空(kong)氣(qi)中(zhong),經(jing)冷(leng)凝(ning)而(er)成(cheng)為(wei)細(xi)條(tiao)。
溶液紡絲:選取適當溶劑,把成纖高聚物溶解成紡絲溶液,或先將高分子物質製成可溶性中間體,再溶解成紡絲溶液,然後進行紡絲。粘膠、維綸、腈綸多采用此法。溶液紡絲按凝固條件不同分為濕法紡絲和幹法紡絲。
<--小廣告開始--> 幹法紡絲:liyongyihuifaderongjiduigaofenzijuhewujinxingrongjie,zhichengshiyufangsidezhanchouye。jiangfangsizhanyecongpensitouyachuxingchengxisiliu,tongguorekongqitaotongshixisiliuzhongderongjixunsuhuifaerninggu,tongguoqianshenchengsi。(氯綸,腈綸,維綸,醋纖)
濕法紡絲:將jiang成cheng纖xian高gao分fen子zi聚ju合he物wu溶rong解jie於yu溶rong劑ji中zhong製zhi成cheng紡fang絲si溶rong液ye,將jiang紡fang絲si溶rong液ye由you噴pen絲si頭tou噴pen出chu噴pen出chu後hou進jin入ru凝ning固gu浴yu中zhong,由you於yu粘zhan液ye細xi絲si流liu內nei的de溶rong劑ji擴kuo散san以yi及ji凝ning固gu劑ji向xiang粘zhan液ye細xi絲si流liu中zhong滲shen透tou,使shi細xi絲si流liu凝ning固gu成cheng絲si條tiao。
濕(shi)法(fa)紡(fang)絲(si)的(de)特(te)點(dian)是(shi)噴(pen)絲(si)頭(tou)孔(kong)數(shu)多(duo),但(dan)紡(fang)絲(si)速(su)度(du)慢(man),適(shi)合(he)紡(fang)製(zhi)短(duan)纖(xian)維(wei),而(er)幹(gan)法(fa)紡(fang)絲(si)適(shi)合(he)紡(fang)製(zhi)長(chang)絲(si)。通(tong)常(chang)同(tong)品(pin)種(zhong)化(hua)學(xue)纖(xian)維(wei)利(li)用(yong)幹(gan)法(fa)紡(fang)絲(si)較(jiao)濕(shi)法(fa)紡(fang)絲(si)所(suo)得(de)纖(xian)維(wei)結(jie)構(gou)均(jun)勻(yun),質(zhi)量(liang)較(jiao)好(hao)。 |