1.熱粘合法錦綸非織造布
錦(jin)綸(lun)非(fei)織(zhi)造(zao)布(bu)熱(re)粘(zhan)合(he)法(fa)是(shi)錦(jin)綸(lun)非(fei)織(zhi)造(zao)布(bu)產(chan)量(liang)最(zui)大(da)的(de)一(yi)個(ge)品(pin)種(zhong),一(yi)般(ban)是(shi)用(yong)純(chun)錦(jin)綸(lun)短(duan)纖(xian)維(wei)或(huo)錦(jin)綸(lun)與(yu)其(qi)它(ta)纖(xian)維(wei)混(hun)合(he),經(jing)熱(re)軋(zha)工(gong)藝(yi)把(ba)纖(xian)維(wei)互(hu)相(xiang)連(lian)接(jie)在(zai)一(yi)起(qi)而(er)形(xing)成(cheng)絮(xu)片(pian)材(cai)料(liao)。產(chan)品(pin)具(ju)有(you)薄(bo)、軟、細及彈性好的特點,是高檔粘合襯布的好基材,用於絲綢、高檔風衣、yurongfuzhuangdengchenbu。yekejiangjinlunduanxianweiyuyidingbilideqitaxianweihunhe,jingrezhahuorerongfangfazhichengjuyouxiangdangqianglidexianwang,ranhouzaijingguoyahuahehouchuliercheng。rudubangdefuhefeizhizaobuInova係列,是由不同比例含量的錦綸、滌綸、丙綸、氨綸、棉(mian)花(hua)纖(xian)維(wei)混(hun)合(he)而(er)成(cheng),最(zui)終(zhong)形(xing)成(cheng)的(de)複(fu)合(he)非(fei)織(zhi)造(zao)布(bu)的(de)外(wai)觀(guan)具(ju)有(you)永(yong)久(jiu)性(xing)花(hua)紋(wen),有(you)良(liang)好(hao)的(de)彈(dan)性(xing)及(ji)導(dao)汗(han)透(tou)氣(qi)的(de)特(te)點(dian),可(ke)根(gen)據(ju)環(huan)境(jing)溫(wen)度(du)調(tiao)節(jie)而(er)產(chan)生(sheng)保(bao)暖(nuan)或(huo)涼(liang)爽(shuang)的(de)感(gan)覺(jiao),應(ying)用(yong)於(yu)製(zhi)作(zuo)服(fu)裝(zhuang),穿(chuan)著(zhe)輕(qing)便(bian)、舒適、合身,而且堅固耐磨。
也可采用錦滌複合皮芯短纖維采用熱粘合工藝製成非織造布材料,這是以錦綸6為皮,滌綸為芯進行複台紡絲,生產出質量穩定的錦滌複合纖維,以降低生產成本。錦滌複合短纖維的性能較純錦綸6短纖維有較大的改善,斷裂強度增加,斷裂伸長降低,初始模量提高。複合纖維還保留了錦綸良好的吸濕性、染色性、耐磨性,為此錦滌複合纖維可以在多種場合替代純錦綸短纖維,並且在一定的生產條件下其使用效果要比純錦綸好。
此外,耐熱纖維的開發與應用,也可應用在熱粘合工藝中。對於錦綸66來講,在正常環境下有突出的優點,但在改變環境時其性能發生變化,如在高溫環境下使用,其強力、韌性和彈性嚴重消失,有些場合已無法使用,研製開發錦綸66耐熱纖維,在錦綸非織造布熱粘合法工藝中使用良好。利用錦綸66纖維高熔點、高伸長、高強度的特性,加人耐熱劑使其耐高溫,在240℃溫度下仍能保持良好的物理性能。對於改性劑的選擇要求是:zaibaozhengnaigaowenkangyanghuaxingnengdeqiantixia,duiwulizhibiaoyingxiangyuexiaoyuehao,haijuyoujiaohaodekangyanghuaxing,tongshiyejuyouzengsuxingherunhuaxing,bingqiekezaigezhongzhizaoshebeishangshiyong。zhezhongnairexingfeizhizaobuzainaigaowenfuzhuang、軍(jun)用(yong)領(ling)域(yu)有(you)廣(guang)泛(fan)的(de)發(fa)展(zhan)前(qian)景(jing),因(yin)為(wei)耐(nai)高(gao)溫(wen)抗(kang)氧(yang)化(hua)纖(xian)維(wei)同(tong)時(shi)具(ju)有(you)抗(kang)紫(zi)外(wai)線(xian)氧(yang)化(hua)性(xing)能(neng),如(ru)軍(jun)用(yong)帳(zhang)篷(peng)使(shi)用(yong)這(zhe)種(zhong)非(fei)織(zhi)造(zao)材(cai)料(liao)比(bi)普(pu)通(tong)錦(jin)綸(lun)纖(xian)維(wei)壽(shou)命(ming)可(ke)提(ti)高(gao)一(yi)倍(bei)或(huo)二(er)倍(bei)以(yi)上(shang)。
2.針刺法錦綸非織造布
由you於yu錦jin綸lun具ju有you優you異yi的de耐nai磨mo性xing和he高gao強qiang力li,且qie熔rong點dian較jiao高gao,因yin而er,常chang用yong在zai地di毯tan中zhong。通tong常chang將jiang錦jin綸lun和he滌di綸lun混hun合he梳shu理li後hou,再zai經jing兩liang道dao針zhen刺ci加jia固gu,最zui終zhong產chan品pin用yong做zuo地di毯tan或huo地di板ban表biao麵mian覆fu蓋gai物wu。
采(cai)用(yong)針(zhen)刺(ci)法(fa)製(zhi)造(zao)錦(jin)綸(lun)非(fei)織(zhi)造(zao)布(bu),要(yao)求(qiu)錦(jin)綸(lun)纖(xian)維(wei)具(ju)有(you)良(liang)好(hao)的(de)染(ran)色(se)均(jun)勻(yun)性(xing),在(zai)錦(jin)綸(lun)纖(xian)維(wei)生(sheng)產(chan)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong),染(ran)色(se)均(jun)勻(yun)性(xing)是(shi)評(ping)判(pan)產(chan)品(pin)質(zhi)量(liang)優(you)劣(lie)的(de)重(zhong)要(yao)指(zhi)標(biao)之(zhi)一(yi)。它(ta)不(bu)但(dan)影(ying)響(xiang)產(chan)品(pin)的(de)一(yi)等(deng)品(pin)率(lv),也(ye)直(zhi)接(jie)影(ying)響(xiang)後(hou)道(dao)工(gong)序(xu)產(chan)品(pin)質(zhi)量(liang)。在(zai)生(sheng)產(chan)實(shi)踐(jian)中(zhong),染(ran)色(se)不(bu)勻(yun)易(yi)造(zao)成(cheng)橫(heng)向(xiang)條(tiao)紋(wen)絲(si)。橫(heng)紋(wen)絲(si)分(fen)為(wei)兩(liang)類(lei),一(yi)類(lei)是(shi)同(tong)一(yi)樣(yang)品(pin)本(ben)色(se)有(you)條(tiao)紋(wen)的(de)色(se)差(cha),另(ling)一(yi)類(lei)是(shi)多(duo)個(ge)樣(yang)品(pin)共(gong)同(tong)編(bian)織(zhi)時(shi)產(chan)生(sheng)條(tiao)紋(wen)色(se)差(cha)。
由於錦綸6因(yin)其(qi)吸(xi)濕(shi)性(xing)比(bi)較(jiao)好(hao),故(gu)生(sheng)產(chan)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)受(shou)環(huan)境(jing)溫(wen)濕(shi)度(du)影(ying)響(xiang)比(bi)較(jiao)大(da)。溫(wen)濕(shi)度(du)過(guo)高(gao)或(huo)過(guo)低(di),均(jun)會(hui)影(ying)響(xiang)產(chan)品(pin)的(de)染(ran)色(se)均(jun)勻(yun)性(xing),原(yuan)因(yin)在(zai)於(yu)錦(jin)綸(lun)纖(xian)維(wei)在(zai)不(bu)同(tong)濕(shi)度(du)下(xia)收(shou)縮(suo)率(lv)不(bu)同(tong),對(dui)染(ran)料(liao)的(de)吸(xi)附(fu)率(lv)不(bu)同(tong),從(cong)而(er)產(chan)生(sheng)織(zhi)物(wu)染(ran)色(se)條(tiao)紋(wen)。實(shi)際(ji)生(sheng)產(chan)中(zhong),必(bi)須(xu)綜(zong)合(he)考(kao)慮(lv)各(ge)因(yin)素(su)關(guan)係(xi),才(cai)能(neng)生(sheng)產(chan)出(chu)優(you)質(zhi)的(de)產(chan)品(pin)。
為了提高針刺法錦綸非織造布的染色性能,研刺和生產錦綸6色母粒應用於錦綸6紡前著色,具有添加量小、無汙染、可紡性佳等優點,錦綸6易染色,但在後染時所產生的“三廢”汙wu染ran已yi日ri益yi引yin起qi人ren們men的de關guan注zhu。采cai用yong色se母mu粒li紡fang前qian著zhe色se,不bu但dan解jie決jue了le汙wu染ran問wen題ti。更geng使shi紡fang前qian著zhe色se變bian得de簡jian便bian而er快kuai捷jie,並bing且qie也ye彌mi補bu了le染ran色se所suo不bu及ji的de色se澤ze效xiao果guo。
隨sui著zhe人ren們men對dui環huan境jing汙wu染ran治zhi理li意yi識shi的de提ti高gao,特te別bie是shi環huan保bao法fa律lv和he法fa規gui的de出chu台tai已yi促cu使shi對dui色se母mu粒li的de需xu求qiu增zeng長chang,特te別bie是shi隨sui著zhe對dui色se母mu粒li研yan究jiu的de進jin一yi步bu深shen入ru、新產品的開發、色譜的完善、質量的提高、成(cheng)本(ben)的(de)降(jiang)低(di)等(deng)等(deng),將(jiang)有(you)越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)多(duo)的(de)化(hua)纖(xian)廠(chang)更(geng)青(qing)睞(lai)於(yu)色(se)母(mu)粒(li)。采(cai)用(yong)色(se)母(mu)粒(li)紡(fang)前(qian)著(zhe)色(se)工(gong)藝(yi)不(bu)僅(jin)簡(jian)單(dan)可(ke)靠(kao),減(jian)少(shao)了(le)環(huan)境(jing)汙(wu)染(ran),也(ye)省(sheng)去(qu)了(le)印(yin)染(ran)設(she)備(bei)和(he)多(duo)道(dao)加(jia)熱(re)工(gong)序(xu),降(jiang)低(di)了(le)生(sheng)產(chan)成(cheng)本(ben),同(tong)時(shi)染(ran)色(se)均(jun)勻(yun)度(du)不(bu)受(shou)纖(xian)維(wei)結(jie)構(gou)差(cha)異(yi)的(de)影(ying)響(xiang),可(ke)采(cai)用(yong)針(zhen)刺(ci)法(fa)製(zhi)成(cheng)優(you)良(liang)的(de)錦(jin)綸(lun)非(fei)織(zhi)造(zao)布(bu)。
3.水刺法錦綸非織造布
分fen裂lie型xing錦jin綸lun在zai高gao壓ya水shui刺ci的de作zuo用yong下xia可ke製zhi成cheng超chao細xi錦jin綸lun非fei織zhi造zao布bu,用yong於yu高gao性xing能neng擦ca布bu及ji仿fang麂ji皮pi。另ling外wai,在zai以yi粘zhan膠jiao纖xian維wei為wei主zhu的de水shui刺ci非fei織zhi造zao布bu用yong做zuo尿niao布bu時shi,在zai粘zhan膠jiao纖xian維wei中zhong加jia入ru適shi量liang的de錦jin綸lun可ke明ming顯xian增zeng加jia尿niao布bu的de強qiang力li。
yekexuanzejinlunyubinglunfuhechaoxixianweiweiyuanliao,caiyongshuicifazhichengfeizhizaobu,zhezhongfuhechaoxixianweijiemianqingxi,zaichangwenchangyaxiakeran,zhiwufuyongshushixinglianghao。fuhexianweidansixianduxidanhuakegaishanqishouganyufuyongxingneng。jinnianlai,woguoyixingchenglexidan、超chao細xi旦dan長chang絲si的de研yan究jiu與yu開kai發fa熱re。用yong常chang規gui紡fang絲si的de方fang法fa生sheng產chan超chao細xi纖xian維wei易yi產chan生sheng毛mao絲si,且qie由you於yu噴pen絲si板ban麵mian直zhi徑jing有you限xian,噴pen絲si孔kong數shu不bu可ke能neng大da量liang增zeng加jia,因yin此ci單dan絲si的de纖xian度du也ye受shou到dao很hen大da的de局ju限xian,錦jin綸lun/丙綸複合超細纖維是采用複合紡絲技術,得到常規纖度的纖維(單絲纖度約2~3dtex),加工成織物後,在染整後加工過程中再使兩組分剝離成單絲纖度小於0.5dtex的複合超細纖維。該纖維織物手感好,在常溫常壓下可染,具有良好的芯吸透濕、透氣功能,適於製作高檔的運動服、T恤、內衣、牛仔衣等,也可製成性能優良的高檔水刺布,廣泛應用在醫療、衛生等領域。
jinnianlaikaifachenggongdenamiyuanhongwaibaojianyixingjinlunxianwei,yekezhichengyouyidegaodangshuicibu。zheshicaiyongteshudebiaomianxiushijishu,zhibeinamijixinxingyuanhongwaifushecailiao,bingjiangqiyujinlun6複合,製備異形遠紅外保健錦綸長絲。隨著生活水平的提高,人們的保健意識不斷增強,遠紅外保健內衣、禦(yu)寒(han)製(zhi)品(pin)等(deng)已(yi)不(bu)斷(duan)為(wei)人(ren)們(men)所(suo)迫(po)切(qie)需(xu)要(yao)。通(tong)過(guo)在(zai)纖(xian)維(wei)中(zhong)加(jia)入(ru)具(ju)有(you)發(fa)射(she)遠(yuan)紅(hong)外(wai)線(xian)功(gong)能(neng)的(de)遠(yuan)紅(hong)外(wai)輻(fu)射(she)材(cai)料(liao)而(er)賦(fu)予(yu)纖(xian)維(wei)遠(yuan)紅(hong)外(wai)線(xian)輻(fu)射(she)功(gong)能(neng),是(shi)製(zhi)備(bei)遠(yuan)紅(hong)外(wai)纖(xian)維(wei)的(de)有(you)效(xiao)手(shou)段(duan)之(zhi)一(yi)。這(zhe)種(zhong)水(shui)刺(ci)布(bu)具(ju)有(you)保(bao)溫(wen)和(he)抑(yi)菌(jun)、導濕、促進血液循環、增強免疫力、防蛀等衛生保健的作用。
4.錦綸複合非織造材料
英國Dexter公司開發出一種上、下雙層的複合材料,其底層可以采用錦綸為原料,經梳理成網後用水刺或針刺的方法進行加固;上層非織造布材料是木漿纖維或植物纖維,如馬尼拉麻、劍jian麻ma或huo黃huang麻ma纖xian維wei,采cai用yong濕shi法fa或huo氣qi流liu成cheng網wang的de方fang法fa製zhi成cheng。將jiang兩liang層ceng材cai料liao采cai用yong水shui力li纏chan結jie的de方fang法fa複fu合he在zai一yi起qi,然ran後hou對dui複fu合he材cai料liao采cai用yong矽gui整zheng理li劑ji進jin行xing處chu理li,通tong常chang整zheng理li劑ji的de用yong量liang為wei複fu合he材cai料liao重zhong量liang的de3%~7%,製成品可用做汽車內牆板及車內麵的裝飾材料。
這種錦綸複合非織造材料也可選擇滌/錦複合長絲進行生產,複合纖維是差別化纖維之一,由兩組分高聚物熔體,通過特殊的分配板進行分流、擠出而成。使用不同截麵形狀的噴絲板可形成共紡、並列、皮芯、裂片和海島等種類複合纖維。這種工藝主要用於開發超細纖維,是製造人造麂皮的理想材料,在仿毛、仿絲綢、仿皮、仿桃皮絨等方麵具有優勢。織物透氣性、透濕性、柔軟性好,適用於高級鏡頭的擦鏡布等,並可應用在絕熱材料、過濾材料、超高密度的防水、防潮織物中。由於該類產品具有優良的特性,用途廣闊,必將得到廣泛的發展,從而滿足人民更高檔的衣著要求,並為軍工、醫療等行業提供豐富多采的纖維原料。
國guo外wai超chao細xi纖xian維wei早zao已yi實shi行xing了le規gui模mo生sheng產chan,係xi統tong應ying用yong,並bing形xing成cheng了le生sheng產chan手shou段duan多duo,產chan品pin林lin立li,應ying用yong廣guang泛fan的de局ju麵mian。複fu合he纖xian維wei對dui國guo內nei來lai說shuo,能neng夠gou批pi量liang生sheng產chan,又you能neng形xing成cheng一yi條tiao龍long開kai發fa應ying用yong的de,裂lie片pian型xing複fu合he纖xian維wei是shi其qi中zhong一yi種zhong。國guo內nei現xian有you滌di/錦複合長絲的生產,主要采用POY-DTY路線,某些廠家的生產已具一定規模,產品質量穩定。
滌/錦複合長絲非織造布具有良好的懸垂性、保形性,並具有蓬鬆、柔軟、舒適、吸濕透氣等優異性能。故此產品用途廣泛:如仿桃皮絨、人造麂皮、仿真絲織物、超高密度織物、高效潔淨布、高級擦鏡布、精密儀器清潔布、絕熱材料、過濾材料、防水透氣材料等。
5.濕法錦綸非織造布
shifafeizhizaobujishushizhijieyoujinlunduanxianweiyuanliao,zaizaozhijishangyicixingchengwangdingxingerxingchengchanpin,gaifangfashengchansudukuai,shengchanchengbenxiangduiyuqitafeizhizaobudejiagongfangfadi,yuanliaoshiyongfanweiguang。jinnianlai,jinlunshifafeizhizaobudeshiyongliangyoubuduankuodadequshi。muqian,jinlunzaishifafeizhizaobuzhongdeyongtuzhiyishizengjiazhizhangdesilieqiangli,zaizaozhidemujiangxianweizhongjiaruyidingbilidejinlunduanxianwei,zechengpinzhizhangdenaisiliexing、頂破強力、透氣性及可折疊數目都有很大程度提高。雖然加入錦綸後會使紙張的拉伸強力降低,但可通過控製錦綸的用量、zengjiamujiangxianweidebilihuozhezaijinlunbilibubiandeqingkuangxiazengdazhanhejideyongliang,congerzengjiachengpinzhizhangdeladuanqiangli。lingyigeyongtushicaiyongchunjinlun,zaiduixianweijinxingdajiang、junyunchengwangjiganzaodenggongxuhou,zhichengchunjinlunshifafeizhizaobu。jianyujinlunxishixingjiaocha,zaishuizhongrongyichengtuan,yinci,zaichaozaoguochengzhongyaojiaruyidingliangdebiaomianhuoxingjishixianweichanshenglianghaofensan,tongshiweizengjiaxianwangdeqiangli,haiyaojiarushidangdezhanhejiezhi,zheyangcainengshijinlunshifafeizhizaobuwaiguanjunyun、結構緊密及拉伸強力高。產品可用於裝飾材料、襯裏、高檔電池隔板及耐用非織造布用品等。
此ci外wai,還hai有you紡fang粘zhan法fa錦jin綸lun非fei織zhi造zao布bu和he熔rong噴pen法fa錦jin綸lun非fei織zhi造zao布bu生sheng產chan工gong藝yi,其qi中zhong紡fang粘zhan法fa錦jin綸lun非fei織zhi造zao布bu工gong藝yi在zai世shi界jie上shang隻zhi有you為wei數shu不bu多duo的de幾ji家jia公gong司si能neng生sheng產chan錦jin綸lun紡fang粘zhan布bu,而er我wo國guo還hai沒mei有you能neng力li生sheng產chan錦jin綸lun紡fang粘zhan布bu。現xian在zai國guo外wai公gong司si生sheng產chan的de錦jin綸lun紡fang粘zhan布bu主zhu要yao用yong做zuo家jia具ju及ji床chuang上shang用yong品pin包bao覆fu物wu、過濾材料、防護服、醫療用品、粘合基布、汽車內用品、薄膜加固材料及安全氣囊底布等。
errongpenfajinlunfeizhizaobushizaijuhewuzhijiechengwangguochengzhongtongguogaosugaowenqiliupenchuihuoqitashouduan,shirongtixiliushoudaojidulashenerxingchengjixideduanxianweiwang,chanpinjuyougaoguolvxiaolv、低阻力及柔軟等特點。由於受生產設備的限製,國內目前還不能生產熔噴錦綸非織造布,但國外已經出現了這方麵的產品,如美國的Kuss Filtration公司最近已經生產出錦綸6熔噴纖網。它是采用三層纖網複合而成,每一層中錦綸的粗細和長短都不相同,產品主要用做燃料過濾材料。
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