黑色色母粒是使用碳黑來生產的。生碳黑是非常難處理而且肮髒的混合物,它布滿了灰塵、重量輕、呈(cheng)蓬(peng)鬆(song)狀(zhuang)。除(chu)非(fei)采(cai)用(yong)大(da)規(gui)模(mo)的(de)處(chu)理(li)措(cuo)施(shi),否(fou)則(ze)它(ta)會(hui)弄(nong)髒(zang)機(ji)器(qi)和(he)工(gong)人(ren),使(shi)工(gong)作(zuo)環(huan)境(jing)變(bian)得(de)肮(ang)髒(zang)。正(zheng)因(yin)為(wei)如(ru)此(ci),鑄(zhu)工(gong)們(men)普(pu)遍(bian)選(xuan)擇(ze)在(zai)一(yi)個(ge)樹(shu)脂(zhi)載(zai)體(ti)上(shang),也(ye)就(jiu)是(shi)黑(hei)色(se)色(se)母(mu)粒(li),完(wan)成(cheng)碳(tan)黑(hei)的(de)預(yu)色(se)散(san)。這(zhe)個(ge)樹(shu)脂(zhi)載(zai)體(ti)是(shi)乾(qian)淨(jing)的(de)、自zi由you流liu動dong和he易yi於yu使shi用yong的de。另ling外wai,碳tan黑hei除chu了le肮ang髒zang之zhi外wai,還hai有you一yi個ge特te性xing就jiu是shi難nan於yu進jin行xing色se散san。如ru果guo注zhu模mo時shi直zhi接jie把ba生sheng碳tan黑hei熔rong化hua,著zhe色se效xiao果guo會hui非fei常chang差cha。沒mei有you色se散san的de碳tan黑hei條tiao紋wen和he斑ban點dian區qu域yu若ruo靠kao在zai著zhe色se較jiao少shao的de地di方fang旁pang會hui明ming顯xian的de顯xian現xian出chu來lai。標biao準zhun的de注zhu塑su機ji器qi不bu能neng有you效xiao的de色se散san生sheng碳tan黑hei。
tanheizhezhongnanyusesandexingnengyekunraozhesemulishengchanshang。shiyongdanhuoshuangdeluoxuanjiyajishengchandegaofuheheisesemulidesesanxingfeichangcha。dangzuizhongshiyongzhebazhexieheisemulihunhehuomozhushi,tadexingnengjinbitanheishaohaoyidian,danxiaoguotongyanglingrenbumanyi。weidadaoyigewendingdegaodusesanxing,bixushiyonggaoshuizhundejianqieluohejilaihunpeitanhei,zhuruFCM或BANBURYdehunhewu。liyongzugoudeqiangdu,zhexiehunhejikeyishitanheihejichushuzhiwanquanhunhezaiyiqi。suoshiyongdetanheileixingyeyingxiangzhesesanxing。tanheiweiliyuexiao,sesanjiuyuenan。
薄(bo)臘(la)的(de)應(ying)用(yong)是(shi)最(zui)講(jiang)求(qiu)色(se)散(san)性(xing)要(yao)求(qiu)的(de)。色(se)散(san)差(cha)的(de)母(mu)粒(li)的(de)最(zui)終(zhong)產(chan)品(pin)從(cong)邊(bian)角(jiao)就(jiu)能(neng)易(yi)於(yu)被(bei)肉(rou)眼(yan)看(kan)到(dao)。除(chu)了(le)缺(que)乏(fa)美(mei)感(gan)之(zhi)外(wai),薄(bo)膜(mo)裏(li)色(se)散(san)差(cha)的(de)碳(tan)黑(hei)明(ming)顯(xian)地(di)降(jiang)低(di)了(le)黑(hei)色(se)薄(bo)膜(mo)防(fang)風(feng)化(hua)的(de)性(xing)能(neng)。具(ju)有(you)良(liang)好(hao)色(se)散(san)性(xing)的(de)小(xiao)微(wei)粒(li)是(shi)纖(xian)維(wei)工(gong)業(ye)的(de)主(zhu)要(yao)特(te)徵(zhi),這(zhe)些(xie)纖(xian)維(wei)用(yong)於(yu)繩(sheng)、紗、地毯以及其他工業。大型機器以每分鍾5000米以上的速度同時生產出30000股細纖維。如果色母粒的色散太差的話,將會弄斷纖維,導致生產停工。
覆蓋力要強
決jue定ding黑hei色se色se母mu粒li質zhi量liang的de第di二er個ge因yin素su是shi覆fu蓋gai力li,對dui於yu用yong於yu廢fei料liao或huo再zai生sheng聚ju合he物wu的de色se母mu粒li來lai說shuo,這zhe個ge因yin素su尤you其qi重zhong要yao,在zai這zhe些xie情qing況kuang下xia,黑hei色se的de作zuo用yong是shi要yao覆fu蓋gai廢fei料liao中zhong的de其qi它ta顏yan色se。大da顆ke粒li碳tan黑hei的de著zhe色se能neng力li較jiao差cha,不bu易yi覆fu蓋gai其qi他ta所suo有you在zai下xia層ceng的de顏yan色se,結jie果guo最zui終zhong產chan品pin隻zhi得de到dao偏pian離li了le的de色se彩cai。在zai熔rong化hua過guo程cheng中zhong,正zheng確que地di先xian擇ze具ju有you高gao著zhe色se能neng力li的de碳tan黑hei來lai覆fu蓋gai現xian有you顏yan色se的de能neng力li就jiu是shi所suo謂wei的de覆fu蓋gai力li。
流動性要好
決jue定ding黑hei色se色se母mu粒li質zhi量liang的de第di三san個ge因yin素su是shi流liu變bian性xing和he流liu動dong性xing。若ruo一yi個ge色se母mu粒li本ben身shen具ju有you良liang好hao的de色se散san性xing,但dan是shi它ta不bu能neng流liu動dong進jin入ru所suo要yao模mo鑄zhu的de材cai料liao中zhong,那na生sheng產chan的de效xiao果guo也ye不bu理li想xiang。一yi般ban來lai說shuo,用yong於yu生sheng產chan色se母mu粒li的de打da底di樹shu脂zhi具ju有you較jiao高gao的de流liu變bian性xing。為wei了le節jie省sheng成cheng本ben,一yi些xie色se母mu粒li生sheng產chan商shang用yong重zhong複fu使shi用yong的de材cai料liao、feiliaohuozaishengliaozuoweishuzhizaiti。rucishengchandesemulideliudongxingnengjianghuixianzhujiangdi,ruguoliubianxingbuhao,zhumogonghuizaixunhuanshijianhewaiguanchulishangyudaomafan。zhidezhuyideshi,ruguosesanxingheliubianxingbugao,youxiezuizhongshiyongzhehuitongguotigaoxishibilaimibu,buguozhezhongzuofazhihuizengjialesemulideshiyongchengben。juyouzuixiaoxishibidesemulikeyichanchujunyunde、色散好的黑色。
相容性要大
相xiang容rong性xing的de決jue定ding黑hei色se色se母mu粒li質zhi量liang的de第di四si個ge因yin素su。如ru果guo色se母mu粒li是shi使shi用yong切qie屑xie或huo再zai生sheng料liao生sheng產chan出chu來lai的de,那na麼me它ta可ke能neng含han有you汙wu染ran物wu或huo其qi他ta不bu可ke熔rong化hua的de聚ju合he物wu。這zhe會hui引yin起qi一yi些xie不bu可ke預yu料liao的de、難nan於yu約yue束shu的de麻ma煩fan,浪lang費fei了le最zui終zhong消xiao費fei者zhe的de時shi間jian和he原yuan料liao。這zhe時shi,可ke以yi選xuan用yong打da底di樹shu脂zhi來lai生sheng產chan高gao質zhi量liang的de色se母mu粒li,母mu粒li在zai熔rong化hua過guo程cheng中zhong才cai有you良liang好hao的de相xiang容rong性xing。優you質zhi的de色se母mu粒li可ke使shi用yongLLDPE、LDPE、HDPE、PP、PS、SAN、PA以yi及ji其qi他ta材cai料liao來lai生sheng產chan。如ru果guo已yi注zhu明ming工gong程cheng級ji和he嚴yan格ge的de物wu理li性xing能neng,那na麼me特te殊shu的de聚ju合he色se母mu粒li可ke以yi得de到dao的de。幾ji間jian國guo際ji上shang大da型xing的de色se母mu粒li生sheng產chan商shang,都dou在zai進jin行xing研yan究jiu,以yi圖tu生sheng產chan出chu所suo謂wei的de"全球性通用"的色母粒。這些色母粒可以廣泛的和其他原料相 容,具備良好的流變性,可靈活應用。
穩定性要一致
在今天的國際化經濟中,國際性的顧客對色母粒的質量、生sheng料liao的de穩wen定ding性xing能neng等deng要yao求qiu高gao是shi絕jue對dui必bi要yao的de,這zhe也ye是shi決jue定ding黑hei色se母mu粒li質zhi量liang的de第di五wu個ge因yin素su。穩wen定ding性xing的de一yi個ge主zhu要yao表biao現xian就jiu是shi平ping穩wen的de碳tan黑hei比bi例li。如ru果guo碳tan黑hei的de百bai分fen比bi是shi波bo動dong的de,那na麼me需xu要yao熔rong化hua的de色se母mu粒li的de數shu量liang是shi不bu相xiang同tong的de,要yao生sheng產chan同tong一yi色se調tiao的de產chan品pin也ye不bu可ke能neng。一yi些xie最zui終zhong生sheng產chan者zhe反fan映ying:化們要求的稀釋比通常有5-8%的de差cha異yi,視shi乎hu色se母mu粒li生sheng產chan商shang在zai製zhi造zao時shi投tou入ru了le多duo少shao材cai料liao。顯xian然ran這zhe是shi個ge不bu可ke接jie受shou的de。當dang然ran,其qi他ta因yin素su如ru注zhu入ru熔rong液ye的de流liu動dong性xing和he色se散san性xing應ying該gai與yu每mei一yi批pi的de投tou料liao量liang相xiang一yi致zhi。
明暗度要分明
juedingheisemulizhiliangdezuihouyigeyinsushisecaidemingandu。shichangshangyougezhongtanheileixingkeyongyusemulidezhese,dangeleideyanseyujiageyeyouhendabutong。dakelitanheibixiaoweilitanheijuyoujiaodidezheseduhebutongdedise。dakelisemulishiyongyuzhurulajidaibomoshengchan,danbushiyongyushengchannaxiezhuzhongmeiguandechanpin,lirudianshijizhaopaihuoxuyaofangziwaixiandedifangrunongyongbomohuowaiyongguandao。duizhexiechanpinlaishuo,weiyoushiyongjiagejiaogaodexiaoweilitanhei。lingwai,ditoumingduyeshixiaoweilitanheideyigetezhi。
普通碳黑的分類及應用範圍
SRF碳黑一般用於那些不需要強著色力、高gao覆fu蓋gai力li或huo紫zi外wai線xian保bao護hu的de垃la圾ji袋dai生sheng產chan。顏yan色se傾qing向xiang於yu灰hui藍lan色se的de,價jia格ge便bian宜yi,並bing且qie相xiang對dui易yi於yu色se散san,因yin此ci那na些xie隻zhi配pei備bei有you單dan或huo雙shuang螺luo旋xuan擠ji塑su機ji的de母mu粒li小xiao廠chang商shang會hui選xuan擇ze這zhe種zhong碳tan黑hei。HAF碳黑的微粒大小是SRF碳黑微粒的一半,但著色強度是其2倍。呈棕紅色,其紫外線保護能力明顯強於SRF碳黑,且成本低於P碳黑。它具備良好的覆蓋力, 可以應用在很多方麵。
P碳黑適用於防紫外線應用以及食品工業中,呈紅藍色。
JET碳(tan)黑(hei)具(ju)有(you)最(zui)令(ling)人(ren)滿(man)意(yi)的(de)色(se)彩(cai)明(ming)暗(an)度(du),呈(cheng)深(shen)的(de),有(you)光(guang)澤(ze)的(de)黑(hei)色(se)。它(ta)的(de)顆(ke)粒(li)是(shi)最(zui)小(xiao)的(de),但(dan)不(bu)易(yi)於(yu)色(se)散(san)。隻(zhi)有(you)那(na)些(xie)配(pei)備(bei)高(gao)效(xiao)剪(jian)切(qie)混(hun)合(he)機(ji)的(de)廠(chang)商(shang)使(shi)用(yong)JET碳黑時才可取得一致的色散度。它也是普通碳黑中最昂貴的。
成本比較顯示,較貴的色母粒比便宜的色母粒可以經濟地得到較好的生產效果。為什麼會這樣呢?舉例說,一個最終生產者購買用SRF碳黑生產的色母粒含50%的碳黑,每公斤的成本係數是10,他把8%的母粒加入聚合物中取得客人要求的著色效果;他也可以選擇嚐試用含45%碳黑的HAF母粒,同樣的著色效果,每公斤的成本係數是16。因為HAF碳黑的著色強度差不多等於SRF碳黑的2倍,他可以明顯地減少母粒的投入量。
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